EpiDoc XML:
GVCyr0322
Trismegistos ID:
738925
Source description
Support: Left part of a white marble block re-cut at right and broken off above and below (w: 1.37 × h: 0.29 × d: 0.13); at left a cross in relief, which probably had a pendant, now lost, at right.
Layout: Inscribed on the face in at least six lines, perhaps more, with alternate inset of hexameters and pentameters; the whole is inscribed within a sunk area (w: 1.09 × h: 0.29).
Letters: 0.04-0.05; alpha with dropped bar, semi-cursive mu, xi made of two loops joining in the centre into a small circle, square and lunate sigma, phi with diamond-shaped loop, omega like a mu upside down; letters pressed together, but no real ligature; pi + nu at line 3 and omega + iota at line 5 are linked with a small slanting stroke; an apostrophe is cut at ll. 2 and 4, marking the elisions.
Date: Probably sixth century AD (lettering).
Findspot: First seen in 1909 by O. Bates and R. Norton outside the Port of Cyrene, later Apollonia ➚: in the modern village of Sūsah, serving as left jamb of an oven.
Place of origin: Port of Cyrene, later Apollonia ➚, at the time re-named Sozousa: either from the East Church or from the West Church.
Last recorded location: Seen by C. Dobias-Lalou in 1976 and again 2010 at Sūsah: in the Apollonia Museum.
Text constituted from: Transcription from stone (CDL).
Bibliography
Robinson 1913, n. 74; Reynolds 1960, p. 289, n. 13 , whence SEG, 18.759; Robert, BE, 1961.835; again as if unpublished SECir, 200bis and fig. 146 and Robert, BE, 1964.576; Reynolds 1976, n. 61 and pl. XXI; Peek 1972, n. 13; Ward-Perkins – Goodchild – Reynolds 2003, p. 112, n. 2.d; GVCyr 032 ➚. Cf. Gallavotti 1963, pp. 459-460; Uhlenbrock 1999, p. 91..
Text
Apparatus
0: [------] Reynolds 1976: [ὅ, ξένε, Δημαγόρας αὑτοῦ δαπάναισιν ἔτευξεν] Peek 1972
1: [c. 7 τ]ε̣ί̣χ̣ων λουτ̣ρ̣ὸν ἀκηράσιον: [---]c. 16 - 19 Robinson 1913; [---]ΧΩΝΛΟ[c. 5]ΟΝΑ[c. 4]Α[..] ΟΝ Reynolds 1960; [---]+++ν̣ +++[..]++ ονα̣[.]++α̣+++ω SECir; ἔ̣[μβα τοῦθ᾿ὁ]ρ̣ά̣ων λουτ̣ρ̣ὸν ἀκ̣ηρ̣άσιον Peek 1972; [c. 7 τ]ε̣ί̣χ̣ων λο̣υ̣τ̣ρ̣ὸν ἀκηράσιον Reynolds 1976; [c. 9]ι̣χ̣ων λουτ̣ρ̣ὸν ἀκηράσιον Ward-Perkins – Goodchild – Reynolds 2003
2: ἔρ̣ε[ξεν] Gallavotti 1963, Reynolds 1976: ἔρε[ξε] Robinson 1913, Reynolds 1960; ΕΙ++[---] SECir
4: φύ[λαξον] SECir, Ward-Perkins – Goodchild – Reynolds 2003: φύ[λασσε] Robinson 1913, Reynolds 1960, Peek 1972, Reynolds 1976
5: σῶι Reynolds 1960, Gallavotti 1963: σῷ Robinson 1913; σῶν SECir
French translation
[---] des murs un bain sans impureté
où, se défaisant des péchés commis auparavant,
l'on renaît d'une naissance spirituelle.
Accorde le salut au fondateur, à sa loyale épouse et à ses enfants,
en accordant, Seigneur, à ton serviteur cette rétribution.
English translation
Translation source: Ward-Perkins – Goodchild – Reynolds 2003
[---] of the walls a pure bath
where, having put off the sins which one committed in the past,
one is born again in a birth of the spirit.
Guard the founder and his faithful wife and children,
granting this, oh Lord, as a reward to your servant.
Italian translation
[---] dei muri un bagno puro
dove, spogliati dei peccati commessi nel passato,
si viene di nuovo alla luce con una nascita spirituale.
Il fondatore, la sua fedele sposa e i suoi figli proteggi,
o Signore, questo concedendo al tuo servo come ricompensa.
Commentary
The epigram clearly mentions building works in a baptistery. About the discovery, we know since Uhlenbrock's publication in 1999 of Oric Bates' report about a preliminary expedition with Norton in 1909 that they discovered on that occasion the stone «built into the jamb of an oven». The site of the ancient city was then occupied by a Turkish military post established there for the protection of the newly settled Cretan Muslims. The same report tells that the West Church was being spoiled of stones for new buildings. The present inscription, hitherto attributed to the East Church, the only building excavated during the Italian period, might thus rather belong to the West Church, as pointed by J.M. Reynolds in 2003.
Peek's restorations of the first distichon (text-lines 0-1) are too hazardous. Neither his good knowledge of Greek verse nor the faith he granted Robinson, who also relied upon a copy by Norton, can be more trustworthy that the direct examination of the stone. Their readings stand here only for the fullness of the editorial history.
At l. 1 [τ]ε̣ίχων is a plausible reading, as the word is used not only for city-walls but also in papyri for the walls of a temple. The dedicant's offering consisted perhaps not in building the baptistery itself, but in enclosing it into walls.
At l. 3 λοχίαις, written with iota as a result of the very common iotacism, stands for λοχείαις; the vowel is metrically short in the hiatus. The idea that baptism is a spiritual rebirth is a common one. In the formulation, there are also some traditional features of the poetic language, such as the use of ἄναξ for 'Lord' instead of the pedestrian Κύριε, as well as the traditional epic formula κεδνὴ ἄλοχος.
Metrical analysis: at least three very regular elegiac couplets.
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