Sacred regulations
created: Transcription from stone (CDL).
source date: Second half of second century BC
language: ar; en; fr; de; grc; grc-Latn; el; he
availability: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 Deed Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. All citation, reuse or distribution of this work must contain a link back to DOI: https://doi.org/10.60760/unibo/igcyrgvcyr2 and the filename (IGCyr000000 or GVCyr000), as well as the year of consultation. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/)

[...], IV.6, whence [...] and [...], 158; [...], pp. 196-198, n. 116 and [...], 1963.307, whence [...], 20.719; [...], p. 180, whence [...], 35.1687; [...] (new text by C. Dobias-Lalou), whence [...], 62.1788; [...] 100200; [...], 190 (J.M. Carbon, S. Peels); [...], pp. 133-134 and [...], 2023.553. [...], pp. 277-279, number 23 (text)

Cf. [...]; [...], pp. 425-427; [...], passim and especially pp. 149 and 231, whence [...], 50.1637; [...] and [...], 2008.602, whence [...], 57.2025; [...], 117; [...], pp. 74-76, whence [...] 68.1742.

[...] [...][...][...] Ἀνέμοις αἴξ [...] Ἀπόλλωνι Ἀποτροπαίωι αἴξ, ἀλλὰ χίμαρος· Ζηνὶ Ὑπερφορεῖ οὐθὲν ἔμψυχον θύεται, οὐδὲ ὑποδεδεμένος πότει οὐδὲ μύρτα ποτοίσες· Τελέσσαις αἴξ, ὗς· Ζηνὶ Πανθείωι καὶ Ἀθαναίαι Πανθείαι, Ζηνὶ Ὑπελλαίωι καὶ Ἀθαναίαι Ὑπελλαίαι αἴξ· Ἰατρῶι ὗς· Ζηνὶ αἴξ, ὗς· Ἄμμωνι καὶ τοῖς περινάοις ὄις· [...]

[...] [...] [...] [...] τῶι [...] καὶ τοῖς παρέδροις Ἀθαναίας αἴξ· τοῖς δὲ ἐν τᾶι ἀγορᾶι καὶ τοῖς ἐν τῶι πρυτανείωι ὗς, Παιᾶνι καὶ τοῖς παρέδροις ὗς [...] Νύμφαις [...] πλὰν τᾶν ἐν τᾶι νάπαι [...]· Ἀπόλλωνι Νυμφαγέται αἴξ Ἀπόλλωνι [...] π[...] [...] [...] [...] [...]

had a text, provided by C. Dobias-Lalou, which was the same as presented at [...]

[...][^a1]

[^a1: [...] | ὗς]

[^1] ἄλλα[^a2] ὗς[^a3] [...][^a4] τῶι[...][^a5] τοῖς παρέδροις[^a6] αἴξ[^a7] ὗς[^a8] καὶ τοῖς[^a9] ὗς[...][^a10] τᾶν ἐν τᾶι[^a11] νάπαι[^a12] Ἀπόλλωνι Νυμφαγέται αἴξ[^a13] Ἀπόλλωνι [...][^a14] π[^a15]

[^a2: ἄλλα | μᾶλα | μάλα]

[^a3: ὗς | om.]

[^a4: [...] | θεοῖς [...] ἐν | [...] τοῖς ἐν]

[^a5: τῶι[...] | τω[...]]

[^a6: τοῖς παρέδροις | τοῖς περινάοις | τοῖς ι[...][...] | τοῖς ἐν τῶι | τοῖς [...][...]]

[^a7: αἴξ | αἴξ]

[^a8: ὗς | [...] | om.]

[^a9: καὶ τοῖς | καρ[...] | Καρνείωι]

[^a10: ὗς[...] | [...]]

[^a11: τᾶν ἐν τᾶι | τ[...]]

[^a12: νάπαι | ναπ[...]]

[^a13: Ἀπόλλωνι Νυμφαγέται αἴξ | Ἀπόλλωνι [...] φα[...]]

[^a14: Ἀπόλλωνι [...] | ἄρσεν [...] | αγ[...] | αιτ[...]]

[^a15: π | γ]

[^1: not seen by the previous editors]

(col. a) [...], pour les Vents, une chèvre, pour Apollon Apotropaios, une chèvre, plus précisément un chevreau de l'hiver; pour Zeus Hyperphoreus, on ne sacrifie pas d’être vivant, ni on ne (10) pénètre chaussé, ni on n’apporte de myrte; pour les Telessai, une chèvre, un porc; pour Zeus Pantheios et Athèna Pantheia, pour Zeus Hypellaios et Athèna Hypellaia, une chèvre; pour Iatros, un porc; pour Zeus, une chèvre, un porc; (20) pour Ammon et les dieux voisins, un mouton [...].

(col. b) [...], pour les dieux voisins d’Athèna, une chèvre ; pour les divinités de l’agora et du prytanée un porc, (10) pour Paian et les dieux voisins un porc, pour les Nymphes [...] excepté celles du ravin [...]; pour Apollon Nymphagètas, une chèvre; pour Apollon [...].

(col. a) [...] for the Winds, a goat, for Apollo Apotropaios, a goat, more exactly a winter-old he-goat; for Zeus Hyperphoreus, no living being should be sacrified, nor should one (10) come in with shoes on, neither bring myrtle; for the Telessai, a goat, a pig; for Zeus Pantheios and Athena Pantheia, for Zeus Hypellaios and Athena Hypellaia, a goat; for Iatros, a pig; for Zeus, a goat, a pig; (20) for Ammon and the neighbour gods, a sheep [...].

(col. b) [...] for the gods neighbouring Athena, a goat; for the gods of the agora and of the prytaneion a pig, (10) for Paean and the neighbour gods, a pig, for the Nymphs [...] except those of the ravine [...]; for Apollo Nymphagetas a goat; for Apollo [...].

(col. a) [...], per i Venti, una capra, per Apollo Apotropaios, una capra, più precisamente un capretto nato d'inverno; per Zeus Hyperphoreus, non si sacrifichi alcun essere vivente, né si entri (10) con le scarpe, né si porti mirto; per le Telessai, una capra, un maiale; per Zeus Pantheios e Atena Pantheia, per Zeus Hypellaios e Atena Hypellaia, una capra; per Iatros, un maiale; per Zeus, una capra, un maiale; (20) per Ammon e gli dèi vicini, un montone [...].

(col. b) [...], per gli dèi vicini di Atena, una capra; per gli dèi dell'agora e del pritaneo un maiale, (10) per Peana e gli dèi vicini, un maiale, per le Ninfe [...] fatta eccezione per quelle del vallone [...]; per Apollo Nymphagetas, una capra; per Apollo [...].

There exists some confusion about the findspot of this stone: [...] wrote that it was found in 1937 in the Sanctuary of Apollo, commonly called 'Piazzale'; however in SECir, the same editor, citing Oliverio's notebook, mentions as findspot «nello scavo n. 2 (ad Est del Pritaneo)», i.e. on the agora near the Prytaneum. The photograph from the Department of Antiquities confirms the date 1937, a year for which unfortunately no excavation report may help (see [...], p. 153 and footnote 10). We only know that Oliverio spent some time at Cyrene during that summer (he was no longer Controller of the Antiquities) and he probably took part into the discovery.

As sacrifices are prescribed to various gods and goddesses, often with epithets known only here, the place should not be necessarily the sanctuary of Apollo, although it hosted many other deities. That this panel would have been exposed on the agora is quite possible and we prefer to follow Oliverio's indications. This also fits well the mention of 'gods of the agora and of the prytaneion' at lines 29-31 (which cannot be taken as refering to the so-called Agora of the Gods in the sanctuary of Apollo, pace [...], p. 495, footnote 13).

The restoration proposed here for b.14 is based on the rare root ναπ-; with small traces of alpha, it seems to be the fem. νάπα rather than the neuter νάπος. Sanctuaries of Νύμφαι are already known on the Fountain Terrace and on the Western slope of the Acropolis, which might be the place mentioned here but still lacks any inscribed documentation. Nymphs are also mentioned in the extra-mural sanctuary of Demeter and Kore, near Theatre 5, and at the more remote site of Budaraj, for which the word would also be appropriate. See further discssion by [...], pp. 56-62. As pointed out by [...], there is space for the name of the victim either at line b.12 or b.14. Various possibilites exist, amongst which his suggested παίσαις 'all' is attratctive, although perhaps a little too long.

At ll. b.15-16, Sokolowski's suggested reading of Apollo's epithet Nymphagetas, missed by Dobias-Lalou for [...], was duly restored by [...] and [...]. The epithet was thus much more ancient than the mention already known, dating from 172/175 AD (IRCyr2020 C.305). In this list, it has a sensible place after the Nymphs, whereas the very different Apollo Apotropaios is mentioned at ll. a.3-4. A third mention of Apollo, most probably with another epithet followed at b.17-18, as proposed by [...]. Dobias-Lalou's squeeze confirms the pi as much more probable than the rho suggested by [...].

Some epithets of gods are here quite new. In his first edition, Pugliese Carratelli ([...]) discussed the new ones. For Ὑπελλαῖος /-α the most convincing interpretation is that from ὑπέρ-λαιος 'with the left hand up'. Zeus and Athena are here twice associated with parallel epithets, as stressed by [...] About the mysterious Telessai, see a tentative etymology by [...], pp. 230-231 and for their figure [...]; for them, a goat and a pig were suitable victims, whereas the same pair was initially also engraved at line 4 for Apollo Apotropaios and the pig being then erased. Conversely, in our first edition ([...]), we mentioned the same erasure at a.12, which was a pure error, duly picked out in [...] (consulted March 2022)